In 2016 BMW constructed the ‘Imaginative and prescient 100’ idea which supplied us a glimpse of issues to return. The ‘Imaginative and prescient 100’, constructed to have fun BMW’s centenary, explored BMW’s imaginative and prescient of driving in a altering world. It was a waypoint in the direction of the long run, one the place driving may nonetheless be a ardour in an age when self-driving vehicles would change into widespread. BMW emphasised the rules of Electrification, Digitalization, and Circularity with the ‘Imaginative and prescient 100’.
Electrification, Digitalization, and Circularity Outlined
Whereas electrification must be self-explanatory, digitalization encompasses automobile management, the person interface, and importantly, the person expertise. Circularity might be described as a acutely aware try to, the place potential, rethink, scale back, recycle, and reuse supplies and sources. BMW then constructed additional ideas to exhibit these rules which paved the best way for the ‘Imaginative and prescient Neue Klasse’. Whereas electrification was on the coronary heart of the entire ideas, the BMW i Imaginative and prescient Round demonstrated the circularity precept whereas the i Imaginative and prescient Dee demonstrated the digitalization, particularly from the person’s perspective.
BMW’s basis is motors, particularly engines – the premise for the corporate’s origin and the satisfaction of its engineers and workforce. What occurs in an all-electric world, how can BMW reply and stay related and true to its previous? And the way does ‘Freude am Fahren’ translate in a world filled with self-driving autos? The important thing, BMW believes, will probably be within the expertise, not merely the know-how. This text will discover technical options – at a excessive degree, however BMW needs to outline a driving expertise – an emotional expertise, and, haven’t any concern, the act of driving will nonetheless be a big a part of the BMW ‘Neue Klasse’ expertise.
From i3 to CLAR: The Platform Studying Curve
BMW realized beneficial classes from the manufacturing of the i3, together with easy methods to develop and manufacture electrical autos. As well as they gained beneficial insights into the benefits of electrical autos in addition to their constraints. BMW then made the choice, within the 2010s, to provide ICE, hybrid, and all-electric autos on the CLAR structure. This made sense given the unsure way forward for the marketplace for all-electric autos and that electrical automobile know-how was nonetheless evolving.
Efficiency electrical vehicles, nonetheless, uncovered the present automobile management know-how’s limitations. This was noticed whereas going vast open throttle on a BMW i4 M50 from 5 mph. It was entertaining however not fairly as refined appropriately. The torque tugs on the steering wheel, not in contrast to the Saab 9-3 Viggen used to. The electrical motor’s instantaneous torque, versus a gasoline engine’s transitional buildup of torque, pushes the boundaries of the automobile’s management software program. A brand new method to automobile management was wanted for all-electric autos, particularly in the event that they have been supposed to be efficiency vehicles.
Tesla’s answer to all-electric driving is the benchmark and their System-on-Chip (SoC) is used of their electrical and absolutely self-driving succesful autos. The SoC implements an actual time working system (RTOS) that makes use of a neural processing unit (NPU), and a graphical processing unit (GPU), and sometimes a redundant pair of central processing models (CPU), together with a excessive bandwidth reminiscence bus and shared reminiscence areas between the processors. The CPUs are used to manage the automobile, the NPU evaluates the automobile’s sensor knowledge, and the GPU could also be used to help with notion duties and in addition current knowledge to the driving force and passengers.
Introducing the Coronary heart of Pleasure: BMW’s Customized Car Mind
That is precisely what BMW’s ‘Coronary heart of Pleasure’ ECU will do. The ‘Coronary heart of Pleasure’ is a dense built-in system on a chip that makes use of the next bandwidth knowledge bus structure than the present structure, ten instances the throughput in actual fact. It’s the bandwidth of the bus – what number of bits of knowledge it could actually carry – in addition to bus size that determines how shortly the automobile can reply to inputs.
BMW will make the most of a customized in-house RTOS that takes benefit of the ‘Coronary heart of Pleasure’ management unit’s capabilities. It’s optimized to scale back latency, reacting to interrupts just about instantly. It additionally ekes out each potential vitality financial savings, gaining additional effectivity than an off-the-shelf RTOS may present. BMW’s RTOS brings the ‘Coronary heart of Pleasure’ to life.
Whereas the ‘Coronary heart of Pleasure’ acts on driving dynamics, three different excessive bandwidth processors cope with automated driving; infotainment; and local weather, lighting, and automobile entry. The ‘Coronary heart of Pleasure’ will synchronize drivetrain, braking, steering, and vitality recuperation with the processing scale and bandwidth to securely tame the torque tiger.
The ‘Coronary heart of Pleasure’ has proven off its capacity to handle excessive powered electrical autos with BMW’s Imaginative and prescient Driving Expertise (VDX), which provides a peek at future M all-electric autos. The ‘Coronary heart of Pleasure’ system manages the over 13,000 lb-ft of torque obtainable on the VDX wheels seamlessly.
To handle the varied electrical subsystems within the automobile, BMW divides the ‘Neue Klasse’ into 4 electrical zones, entrance, middle, rear, and roof. BMW makes use of good eFuses to watch voltage, present, and/or temperature for gadgets which are inside a zone and are in a position, utilizing firmware embedded in them, to speak by a knowledge bus particular to the zone. Alerts are then despatched on to the ‘Coronary heart of Pleasure’. The eFuses afford higher safety to vital circuits and scale back weight. They use field-effect transistors to interrupt energy supply to a defective module, fairly than a conventional fuse’s gradual sacrificial failure, or cumbersome relays. Energy is delivered to automobile modules, like lights, radio, heater controls, from a typical energy bus then by an eFuse; that is one space the place automobile wiring weight discount happens.
The Energy of 800 Volts: Lighter, Quicker, Extra Environment friendly
BMW may even use an 800 volt electrical structure for the powertrain. This brings an a variety of benefits like the power to make the most of greater efficiency motors, to scale back cooling necessities, present quicker charging, and scale back weight. Increased voltage means much less present is required to provide energy which permits for a discount in wire diameter and, subsequently, weight.
BMW’s newest era of electrification – Gen6 – will use electrically excited synchronous motors (EESM) for RWD and on the rear axle on AWD autos. For potential FWD and AWD the vehicles will use asynchronous motors (ASM) on the entrance. Power losses are diminished by 40%, weight by 10%, and manufacturing prices are lowered by 20% in comparison with Gen5 tech. Right here is the ‘Circularity’ precept in motion. This may enhance vary and scale back charging instances. The motors will be capable of present a driving expertise from delicate to wild, with the potential for over 1,300 HP in a future M mannequin.
BMW may even use cylindrical battery cells in Gen6 electrification. They can be utilized with out the necessity for a separate container, in contrast to the present prismatic battery cells. This reduces weight and may ship area financial savings. The brand new batteries have a larger vitality density, over 20%, than the present era of batteries. This interprets to prolonged vary. Using the 800v structure, charging time will probably be diminished. The batteries use recycled lithium, cobalt, and nickel. The associated fee to fabricate the brand new batteries is subsequently as much as 50% lower than the previous batteries. The very form of the cylindrical batteries present superior thermal administration when in comparison with prismatic cells. This reduces the chance of ‘thermal runaway’ in comparison with the earlier era batteries.
This new Gen6 structure will, in fact, be managed by the ‘Coronary heart of Pleasure’, promising excellent automobile dynamics. The motive force’s enter on steering, braking, acceleration will really feel crisp given the excessive processing bandwidth employed. The motive force will see info displayed on a panoramic heads-up show projected onto the bottom of the windshield. Will probably be customizable and is supposed to be as intuitive as potential. The concept is to make use of know-how to help fairly than resist the driving force. The panoramic show is in step with BMW’s slogan, “Eyes on the highway, fingers on the wheel”.
Design Reimagined: Retro Cues With a Futuristic Edge
The styling of the ‘Neue Klasse’ is a return to its roots for BMW. It’s meant to be an emotional tug in the direction of the acquainted and cozy. The wheels are exceptionally effectively accomplished. Movement photographs of the automobile present nifty styling and BMW has managed to keep up the ‘5 spokes’ look whereas static. The headlamps/grille and taillights of the Imaginative and prescient Neue Klasse’ are beautiful – the 3D impact is nice from virtually each angle. Whereas it doesn’t want a grille it’s good that it’s there, the equal Tesla entrance fascia, with no grille, is boring. The combination of the rear spoiler into the taillights is intelligent. The higher accent line on the perimeters of the automobile, that gives a horizontal reference entrance to rear, seems to be a part of the window – it will likely be fascinating to see how that makes it into manufacturing.
Incorporating the Hofmeister Kink within the door panel was very intelligent. One is basically impressed with the angularity of the design, sharp creases and muscular wheel arches. Wanting on the design and drawing on reminiscence of small sedan designs of the previous, it might seem that Italian influences are current in addition to Paul Braq’s E12. Regardless, this might effectively be a traditional.
From the ‘Imaginative and prescient 100’ idea to the ‘Neue Klasse’, BMW has proven what it believes the way forward for ‘Pleasure of Driving’ will probably be. Right here’s to the following 100 years.
